Apparatus for pumping liquids.



H. M. & T. CHANGE.

APPARATUS FOR PUMPING LIQUIDS.

APPLICATION FILED JAN/17 1914.

1,1 14,109. Patented 0a. 20, 1914.

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YHb NORRIS PETERS n1. Pnnro-LH'HQ. WASHINGTON. '1 1 H. M. & T. M. CHANCE. APPARATUS FOR PUMPING LIQUIDS.

APPLICATION FILED JAN.17, 1914- I 1 1 14, 1 O9. Patented Oct. 20, 1914.

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|HE NORRIS PETERS co., PHOTO-LlTH- WA 'RHINGTON UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY M. CHANGE AND THOMAS M. CHANCE, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

APPARATUS FOR PUMPING LIQUIDS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 20, 1914.

Application filed January 17, 1914. Serial No. 812,663.

To all wliom it may concern:

Be it known that we, IIENRY M. CHANGE and THOMAS M. CHANCE, citizens of the United States, residing at Philadelphia, in

the county of Philadelphia and State of In the apparatus shown and described to illustrate the operation of the method disclosed by said patent, an accumulator air chamber is shown by Figures IV and V of said patent, in direct connection with one of the pump chambers of the pump, and an ac cumulator piston which separates this pump chamber from the accumulator chamber; if this piston be shorter than the stroke of the machine, a part of the pump chamber becomes a part of the accumulator chamber, and vice versa, during a portion of each double stroke of the machine. It will be seen that this accumulator piston performs the functions that may be performed by two pistons, one face of the accumulator piston being in contact with the body of liquid and thus performing the functions of a piston acting on and being acted upon by liquid, and the other face of said piston acting upon and being acted upon by air or other elastic medium contained in the accumulating chamber. In an apparatus so constructed, this piston must be subjected to the maximum pressure developed by the movingbody of liquid at the end of its stroke, and the pressure that must be maintained in the accumulator chamber must be equal to the mean average pressure required to be exertedupon the liquid during the return stroke of the machine. Our improved apparatus overcomes these objections and simplifies the construction and operation of apparatus designed to be used in connection with this method of pumping, and consists in constructing the accumulator chamber as a separate part of the machine,

isolated from the pump chamber and from any direct connection with the moving body of liquid. The advantage of this improved form of apparatus is found in the fact that ii: enables us to useany type of accumulator device, to operate said accumulator chamber at any pressure independent of the pressure required during the back-stroke of the moving body of liquid, and. to locate said accumulator device beyond the pump chambers, or between the pump chamber and the prlme mover, or in any desired location at which it may beconvenient to place it,

means being providedto connect the moving member of said accumulator device with that part of the pump piston that is performing the functions of an accumulator piston in transmitting energy from, and to, the moving body of liquid. If an accumulator device using apiston be employed to store the required energy, the diameter of this piston may be quite independent of the piston or plunger which is used to transmit energy to it, and as we can thus vary the diameter of the piston used in the accumulator device at will,and asany desired pressure may be maintained in said accumulator device, it becomes possible to operate said accumulator device at relatively low pressure and with a piston of light construction and small weight. I

In apparatus of some types operated by our described patented method of operation, the back face of the water piston is used as the accumulator piston, that is, as the piston to receive and transmit power from the accumulator device tofthe body of liquid. When the apparatus is built with two outside-packed plung'ers, yoked or otherwise connected. together, these two plungers perform the same functions as the two faces of an inside-packed piston of pumps of this type. v

Fig. I is a central vertical cross-section and Fig. II is a horizontal cross-section of such an apparatus operated by a piston of the insidepacked type. Fig. III is a central vertical cross-section and Fig. IV is a horizontal cross-section of such an apparatus operated by plungers of the outside packed type.

In the several figures of the drawings, like numbers referring to like parts,

may be detached and constructed as two separate structures, 2, 2, are inlet valves, 3 is an inlet for liquid to be pumped, a, i, are discharge valves, and- 5 is the discharge outlet.

A pump piston is shown by 6 in Figs. 1 and II, which performs the same functions as the two plungers shown by 6 and 6 of Figs. III and IV, the faces numbered 12 of such piston 6 and plunger 6 performing the same functions during both strokes of said machine, and the faces 13 of such piston 6 and plunger 6 performing the-functions of a-n'accumulator piston to transmit energy from the body of liquid in the conduit 11 through the piston rod 8 by means of the piston 9 to the accumulator 10, (which is here shown as an air chamber, but which may bereplaced by any organism capable of storing and of giving out energy) and upon the return stroke the faces 13 act as accumulator pistons to return the energy, stored during the outstroke in the accumulator 10, to the body of liquid contained in the conduit 11. A piston rod 7 is shown by which connection may be made to the piston of any single-acting prime mover or other source of power. I lhe two pump chambers 15 and 16 areconnected together by a con duit llwhich provides free communication betweentwo said pump chambers, and is of proper dimensions to contain a body of liquid of sufhcient mass to act eiiiciently as a meansof storing energy to be used in pumping. [An air chamber 14: is shown by Fig. 111 attached to the discharge, and while this is useful as a means for maintaining unifomity of flow through the outlet 5, it is not essential to the successful operation of the apparatus. 1

From the foregoing description it will be seen that the energy stored inthe accumulator 10 is delivered to it bythe force acting upon the face of the piston, numbered 13, and also by energy directly transmitted to said piston by means of the piston rod 7,

11 acting during the latter part of the stroke upon this face 13; and that the energy face 13 of the accumulator piston to transmit energy to the liquid in the column 11. It is evident that by this method of construction the movable part 9, of the accumulator device, may be made of any diameter, because the pressure in the accumulater 10 may be maintained at any desired pressure, and this enables us to operate 10 at low pressure and make the piston 9, or other movable-part of the accumulator device, of light construction and smallweight. T he advantages of being able-to operate the accumulator 10 at low pressure are obvious H and need, not be dilated upon. The object of making the piston 9 or other movable member of the accumulator as light in weight as possible, is found in the fact that in operating our described patented method of pumping liquids provision must be made for rapidly decelerating the moving parts of the machine and bringin them to rest at the end of the power-stroke, and to do this, cushioning devices, as mentioned in said patcut above referred to, must be employed. As the energy represented by the momentum of the moving parts is not directly utilized in pumping liquid, because the energy used in pumping liquid by this method is that stored in the body of liquid in the conduit 11, it is in some cases desirable to keep down the weight of the moving parts, so that the energy represented by their momentum at the end of the stroke will not exceed that which may be otherwise utilized.

In the operation of our method as described, we have provided for utilizing the energy of the moving parts by cushioning on steam or air, thus storing energy which may subsequently be made available, but in building machines, it may often be desirable to reduce the weight of the moving parts as above stated.

It will be understood that the accumulator air chamber 10 is intended broadly to represent any device capable of storing and giving out energy, and may be replaced by an accumulator operated by a spring, a weight, a body of liquid acting by pressure or by its own weight, or other appliance used for storing and giving out energy, and that such device may be of those types in which little or no energy is stored during the early part of the stroke or movement of the movable part, and all or the maj or portion of the energy is stored at or near the end of such stroke or movement. When an accumulator of this latter type is used, the energy represented by the momentum of the moving parts of the machine may be so stored and utilized. It will also be underthe momentum of the llquid in the conduit stood that the prime mover actuating said pumping apparatus may be any form of single-acting engine, but is preferably one acstored 1n the accumulator acts durlng the return stroke to transmit energy to the same tuated by a prime medium having high initial pressure and expansive force such as steam, compressed air, or an ignited combustible.

It is evident that we may increase the parts of our apparatus by duplication, thus, by using two pistons in place of one, by using two or more accumulators, by using two or more conduits, any desired number of inlet and discharge valves; the apparatus illustrated by the drawings being simple forms in which the apparatus may be built. It will be evident that the parts of the apparatus may be assembled in any desired manner, or order, provided the movable member of the accumulator device be operatively connected with the accumulator piston by a piston rod or other means for connecting these two members together.

The discharge valves shown by the drawings are not essential parts of the apparatus but are useful because they relieve the pump chambers from the pressure of the static head during the power stroke of the pump piston, but can be omitted if desired especially from apparatus used in pumping against low heads.

Having described our invention, we claim,

'1. An apparatus for pumping liquids comprising in combination two pump chambers, a conduit providing free communication between said pumpchambers, an accumulator isolated from saidpump chambers, and means for connecting a movable member of said accumulator with a piston arranged to operate in one of said pump chambers. p t

2. An apparatus for pumping liquids comprising in combination two pump cham bers, an inlet valve, a piston adapted to operate in each of said chambers, a conduit Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Washington, 0-."

providing free communication between said pump chambers, an accumulator isolated from said pump chambers said conduit and said piston, and means for operatively connecting said piston with a movable member of said accumulator.

3. An apparatus for pumping liquids comprising in combination two pump chambers, an inlet valve, pistons operatively connected and adapted to work in said pump chambers, a conduit providing free communication between said pump chambers, an accumulator isolated from said pump chambers said conduit and said pistons, and means for operatively connecting one of said pistons with a movable member of said accumulator. a

In testimony whereof wehave hereunto signed our names at Philadelphia, Penn- 1 sylvania, this 16th day of January, 1914.

HENRY M. CHANCE. THOMAS M. CHANCE.

Witnesses G. WV. CHANGE,

EDW. E. SGI-IOENKOPFE.

"Commissioner of Patents, 

